PLASTERING

How to Plaster a Wall: Step-by-Step Instructions

Materials & Tools Needed:

Plaster mix (gypsum or cement-based)

Water

Mixing bucket

Hawk (plaster board)

Trowel

Plastering float

Sandpaper or sanding block

Primer (optional)

Protective gear (gloves, mask)

Steps:
Prepare the Surface:

Clean the wall from dust, grease, or loose material.

If the wall is very smooth or painted, roughen it lightly to help plaster stick.

Apply a bonding agent if needed (check manufacturer instructions).

Mix the Plaster:

Follow the instructions on the plaster package.

Add water gradually to the dry mix and stir until you get a smooth, creamy consistency (like thick yogurt).

Apply the First Coat (Scratch Coat):

Using your hawk and trowel, scoop some plaster.

Apply the plaster to the wall with the trowel in upward strokes.

Spread it evenly to about 6-10 mm thick.

Scratch the surface gently with a comb or scratch tool to give texture for the next coat to adhere.

Wait for the First Coat to Set:

Let the scratch coat dry partially but not fully (usually 24 hours depending on the plaster type).

Apply the Second Coat (Float Coat):

Mix a fresh batch of plaster.

Apply a thinner, smoother coat over the first one (about 2-4 mm).

Use smooth strokes to get an even surface.

Smooth and Finish:

When the plaster starts to firm up, use a clean trowel or float to smooth the surface.

Mist the wall lightly with water if it starts drying too fast for better finish.

Once dry, sand lightly with sandpaper to remove minor imperfections.

Final Steps:

Allow the plaster to dry completely (can take several days).

Optionally, apply a primer before painting or wallpapering.

Tips:

Work quickly but carefully; plaster can set fast.

Don’t apply very thick coats at once—better to do multiple thin coats.

Keep tools clean to avoid lumps.